Vibration

Body Language + Sound

Words

Sound

Bark

Growl

Whimper

Howl

No

Never have been

Sometimes

Yes

Depending on the wolf

The light gray wolf

The black wolf

The gray wolf

The white wolf

The brown wolf

The red wolf

A wolf beats the alpha

Wolves just become them

The alpha becomes too old and gives a wolf alpha, or sometimes just moves on and gives it to a wolf.

Wolves can ask for alpha

The alpha dies and a family member or the second boss wolf becomes alpha.

10-20

2-16

20-25

50-70

2-8

5-12

4-12

Yes

No

Sometimes

Late winter to early spring

Early summer to late fall

Late spring to late summer

Early fall to late winter