Runs posteriorly & inferiorly to lateral aspect of intercondylar notch

Attatches on anterior part of tibial plateau

Runs anteriorly & superiorly to medial aspect of intercondylar notch

Attaches on posterior part of tibial plateau

Prevents backwards movement of the tibia in relation to the femur

Controls knee extension

Prevents forward movement of the tibia in relation to the femur

Non contact; Landing from a jump

Non contact; Decelerating suddenly

Contact; Forced bending

Contact; Rotational component twisting

Non contact; Over stretching

Non contact; Changing direction

Contact; Stamp on knee

Contact; Forced hyperextension

Arthroscopy

MRI

Bone scan

X-Ray

Ultrasound

Age

Degree of instability

Compliance with rehab

Occupation

Partakes in pivoting sport

If the athlete really wants surgery

Personality type

Social factors - Time off work

Whether they drink alcohol or not

Hamstring tendon (autograft)

Patella tendon (autograft)

Achilles tendon (autograft)

Gastrocnemius tendon (autograft)

Allograft

Removal of torn ACL/PCL & new graft is put in the knee lined up in place of the original ligament

Central 1/3 tendon is removed & segment of bone is removed from patella

End section of patella tendon above the patella

Patella is removed from the knee to get bone grafts

Central 2/3 tendon is removed & segment of bone is removed from patella

The new graft includes new strip of tendon with attached plug of bone on each end - Referred to as bone-patella-tendnon-bone graft

Middle section of patella tendon below the patella

Open surgery

Scar may take 12 weeks to heal

arthroscope procedure

Semitendinosus tendon used

Soft tissue-bone healing with fibrous tissue

Bicep femoris tendon used

Bone-bone healing takes 6-8 weeks to heal

Is taken from athletes own body

Delayed incorporation - body can fail to accept tissue

Good choice when more than one graft is needed - ACL & PCL reconstruction

Donor tissue used

Very available

Unlucky

Q angle larger

Not as technically sounds

Intercondylar notch

Hip & ankle ROM decreased

Ligament laxity - during specific times of month

Tibia less stable

No growth of vessels and nerves

Muscle activation slow

Weaker than males

Knee alignment

Muscle strength imbalanced - H:Q ratio