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Select the which of these were weaknesses of the Weimar Constitution

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All Germans had equal rights, including the right to vote.

The Chancellor was meant to be leader of the largest party - after 1930 President Hindenburg appointed chancellors who didn't lead the largest party and allowed them to rule using article 32

The president could rule using article 48 - He could make laws and keep a chancellor in office who didn't have the support of the Reichstag

Frequent changes of government - during the Republic there were nine elections.

The Chancellor was meant to be leader of the largest party - after 1930 President Hindenburg appointed chancellors who didn't lead the largest party and allowed them to rule using article 48

Use of PR encouraged lots of small parties which each got a small number of MPs. This ended up in lots of coalition governments.

The Chancellor was meant to be leader of the largest party - after 1930 President Hindenburg appointed chancellors who didn't lead the largest party and allowed them to rule using article 21

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The Nazis had a broad appeal. Fill in the gaps to complete the information about the differet ways in which the Nazis appealed to people.

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Working people outside cities

They worked for small family firms. They didn't belong to

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and now were likely to vote for the Nazis

The countryside

It was in rural areas that the Nazis first became popular after 1923. Although the German economy recovered quickly, agricultural prices

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The middle classes

Middle class people who worked for the government were likely to vote for Hitler. Middle class people who didn't work for the government also voted for the Nazis. They feared that the unemployed working class might lead a

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revolution, which would destroy the middle class.

The working class in big cities

Workers who were losing their jobs had traditionally voted for the

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who had helped them to get better wages and working conditions. By claiming to stand for morality and family values, the Nazis were able to convince many women to vote for them.

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Put the events that led to the end of WW1 in chronological order

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1
2
3
4
5
6

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The armistice is signed that ends WW1
There is a mutiny at Kiel harbour.
The Kaiser abdicates and a new government called the Weimar republic is set up
Germany go to war in confident of victory
Fredrich Ebert becomes leader of the Weimar Republic
Soldiers refuse to go out and attack British ships

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Match up Hitler's promises to the different sections of society

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To women
To big industrialists
To farmers
To the upper classes
To the working classes
To the middle classes

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to protect against communism, to increase living standards and to restore law and order
to reverse the decline in agricultural prices
To put emphasis upon family life and moral values & to put emphasis upon children's welfare
to protect against communism and to curb the growth of powerful trade unions
to tackle unemployment, to provide a decent wage and to protect workers' rights
to protect against communism, to allow them to keep their wealth and status and to restore Germany's status

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Order these facts about the early development of the Nazi Party

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Match the Text
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

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Party membership increased from 1100 members in June 1920 to 55,000 in November 1923.
While working for the army intelligence unit, Adolf Hitler attended a meeting in September 1919. He liked what he heard and was invited to join.
His organisational ability was quickly recognised and in 1920 he was put in charge of the party's propaganda machine.
In 1919 Anton Drexler founded the German Workers Party in Munich, Bavaria. It was a right-wing, nationalistic party which stressed the ideal of a pure German people.
In 1921 Hitler set up the Sturmabteilung (SA) which was led by Ernst Rohm. Often referred to as the 'Brownshirts' because of the colour of their unifrorm, this armed group of mostly ex-military men were charged with protecting Nazi speakers from attacks by rival politicasl groups.
In February 1920 Hitler and Drexler wrote the party's 'Twenty-Five Point Programme', which became its political manifesto.
In July 1921 Hitler replaced Drexler as leader and he changed the name of the party to National Socialist German Workers Party.

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Order these events that led to Hitler's appointment as chancellor

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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

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After the success of the Nazis in the July 1932 election, Hitler demanded to be chancellor
Hitler refused to cooperate so Hindenburg was forced to call another election in November 1932
Von Papen persuades Hindenburg that as long Nazi Cabinet numbers are limited, then even with Hitler as Chancellor, Nazi policies could be resisted. He also warns that the alternative is a Nazi revolt or civil war.
SA violence made people turn away from the Nazis so that in the November election of 1932 they'd lost seats
Hindenburg despised Hitler so he appointed Franz von Papen as chancellor
22nd January - Von Papen asks Hindenburg to make Hitler Chancellor. Hindenburg refuses.
30th January - Hindenburg appoints Hitler as Chancellor and von Papen as Vice-Chancellor
30th January - Hindenburg wants Von Papen back but is advised that reappointing an unpopular Chancellor might trigger a movement against Hindenburg himself
On the 3rd December 1932 Hindenburg (reluctantly) appoints von Schleicher as Chancellor
4th January 1933- Von Papen privately agrees to work with Hitler. Hitler would be chancellor and von Papen would be in the cabinet.
28th January - von Schleicher finally admits defeat in raising support in the Reichstag meaning that he has to resign

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Fill in the gaps to complete the information about the development of the Nazi Party between 1924 and 1929

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Upon his release from prison Hitler managed to have the ban on the Nazi Party lifted and he quickly set about reorganising and re-establishing his leadership.

He created his own bodyguard, the (SS)

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He introduced the

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(Hitler Youth) to attract younger members.

He used every opportunity to attack the weaknesses of

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and the Nazi Party began to attract support from all classes.

In 1925 the party had 27,000 members and by 1928 this had increased to over

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Despite these changes, the Nazis won only twelve seats in the Reichstag in the

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general election, having held

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in 1924. The lack of success was largely due to the economic recovery brought about between 1924 and 1929 by the Chancellor and later Foreign Minister, Gustav Stresemann, whose policies dissuaded people from voting for the extreme parties.

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Match up the following key terms

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Republic
Proportional representation
Coalition government
Reparations
Putsch
Anti-Semitism
Dictatorship
Totalitarian
Defecit spending
Indoctrinating
Abdicated
Mutiny
Bolshevists or Bolsheviks
Gleichschaltung

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A regime in wehich the leader has total power and does not tolerate any opposition
A government made up of two or more political parties.
To give up the throne of the country
followers of Lenin who carried out a Communist revolution in Russia in February 1917
Hatred and persecution of the Jews
A political uprising
making someone accept a system of thought without question
When soldiers refuse to follow orders
System where the number of votes won in an election directly determines the number of seats in parliament
Nazi Policy of forced coordination, bringing all social, economic and political activities under state control
A state that has a one-party political system which holds total power
A government in which supreme power is exercised by representatives elected by the people.
when the government spends more money that it recieves in order to expand the economy
War damages to be paid by Germany

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Complete the text about the Weimar Republic

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The Weimar Republic lasted from

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to

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During that time it was ruled by two presidents -

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(1918-25)

and Paul von Hindenburg

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The political atmosphere in the early years of Weimar was one of chaos and disruption. In

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there was an attempted Communist revolution (the Spartacist Rising) in Berlin, and in

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there was an attempted right-wing takeover (the Kapp Putsch). When Germany failed to make the second reparation payment in 1923, French and Belgian troops marched into the Ruhr to take control of the

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In protest, German workers were encouraged to go on strike, the government supplying their wages. The government had to print more and more money and the result was the collapse of the

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and raging

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By November 1923, Germany was plagued by

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Answer the following questions about the Treaty of Versailles

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What is the acronym used for remembering the reparations payed by Germany at the end of WW1?

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What dooes it stand for?

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Germany didn't like the treaty of Versailles because they felt

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The fact that they had lost their land and colonies meant that they felt insecure and weak.

They were also unhappy because they had to pay £6.6 billion which they were unable to afford. This led to

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Complete the statement about the Munich Putsch

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On the evening of

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in the year of

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Hitler, and 600 SA men burst into a public meeting held in the

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in Munich which was being adressed by Gustav von Kahr, the Bavarian Chief Minister. At gunpoint, von Kahr and the army chief von Lossow agreed to help in the planned takeover. They later informed the police and authorities of Hitler's plan. When a Nazi force of 2000 SA men marched through

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the following morning, they were met by the police. In the clash, shots were fired in which sixteen Nazis and four policeman were killed. Hitler escaped the scene but was arrested

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days later. Together with his main supporter, General

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Hitler was put on trial and the Nazi Party was banned.

Hitler's trial started in

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and lasted one month. It gave him national publicity. He criticised the 'November...

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... the Treaty of Versailles and the 'Jewish...

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... who had betrayed Germany. While Ludendorff was let off, Hitler was sentenced to

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years in prison. He only served

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months.

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Place these facts about the life of Adolf Hitler into chronological order

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Match the Text
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

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His first attempt at becoming leader of Germany failed - he was imprisoned.
He wrote his first book(Mein Kampf - My struggle) while in prison
He volunteered for the German army
Hitler was born - his father was a violent drunk which made his childhood unhappy.
He was orphaned following the death of his mother
He started to live rough and did odd jobs to survive.
He became leader of the German Worker's party
He went to Vienna to become an art student, however he wasn't accepted.

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Complete the text about the creation of the Weimar Republic

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By the autumn of

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the German army was on the point of collapse. On

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the Kaiser

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and fled to the Netherlands. Germany became a

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and on

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the provisional government agreed to an armistice which brought Germany's fighting in the First World War to an end. Not all Germans welcomed the new republic and Berlin faced armed unrest from both

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and right-wing extremist groups. For this reason, the newly elected

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Assembly, which met for the first time in

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, did so in the town of

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in southern Germany. This town gave its name to the

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.

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Complete this text which explains the reasons for the increase in Nazi support between 1929 and 1932

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Nazi support increased rapidly between 1929 and 1932. In

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the American Stock Exchange collapsed causing an economic depression. As a result, America demanded repayments of all it's foreign loans, destroying Weimar Germany. This caused unemployment in Germnay to rise to

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million. The incompetent government didn't know what to do, so in

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the Chancellor cut government expenditure, wages and

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pay. Due to the anger of the German people, they began to turn to other parties such as the

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Also, the Nazis hadn't been in power before so people were willing to take a

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There were many fears among the German people at that time. They were worried that they would end up

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Others were worried incase a

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would take place and the middle classes feared that this would destroy their position in society, taking away their wealth.

Propaganda was a big player in the success of the Nazis. In

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Hitler elected

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as his minister for propaganda. During the election campaigns the Nazis used posters and mass meetings to convey their message. In the spring of

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Hitler stood for President as an opponent for 84-year-old war hero

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Despite the defeat, Hitler gained 13 million votes. Also, Hindenburg didn't campaign which meant that Hitler had the whole of Germany listening to him.

Hitler was a gifted public speaker who captivated his audiences. He projected the image of being the

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the saviour who would solve the problems facing Germany.Using his private plane he toured the country delivering speeches to mass audiences, offering something to

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sections of society. He kept his message simple, blaming

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for Germany's problems, especially the Jews and the communists

The SA played a vital role in protecting Nazi speakers during election meetings and also in disrupting the meetings of political rivals, especially the Communists. Thesde 'bully boy thugs' of the party engaged in street fights with the political

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Whilst in prison, Hitler had time to reflect. He realised that in order to win power, the Nazi Party would have to change its strategy. Instead of an armed uprising, the party would have to build upon recent publicity and work towards acheiving a majority in the polls and be elected into office through the ballot box. He also used the time to complete his autobiography, Mein Kampf (My Struggle), which contained his political views. Match up the following of Hitler's ideas

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Match the text
Volksgemeinschaft
Treaty of Versailles
Lebensraum
Social Darwinism
Anti-Semitism
Anti-Communist
Aryanism
Nationalism

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all ills in German society were caused by the Jews. All Jews had to be eliminated from Germany
abolition of the hated Treaty and the reversal of its terms
Germany should be recognised as a powerful state
the creation of a people's community
the idea that some races are superior to others. The German 'master race' (Aryans) was superior to the 'inferior races', especially the Jews - the race 'polluters'
obtain living space, especially in eastern Europe; create a 'Greater Germany' in which all German-speaking people would be united into one nation
Germans were racially pure and superior (blond hair blue eyes)
socialist and communist politicians had 'stabbed Germany in the back' in 1918 by agreeing to the armistice. They were the 'November Criminals'

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