UoM Parasitology Lecture 10-14 (Year 2, Sem 2, 2017)

uom-parasitology-lecture-10-13-year-2-sem-2-2017

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Question 1 of 1

Time Left

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African trypanosomiasis is also known as...

Select the correct answer(s).

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Match the trypanosome species with its clinical manifestation/s

Match the text (click and drag)

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Explanation

Trypansomes can be zootic and is called Nagana when found in cattle.

Match the text
Trypanosome brucei gambiense (western/central africa)
Trypanosome brucei rhodesiense (eastern/southern africa)

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Acute infection
Chronic infection

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Trypanosomes are transmitted by...

Select the correct answer(s).

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Trypanosomes are funny because they never invade tissues and exist extracellularly in the hosts blood stream. There are stumpy and slender forms but also different cyclic forms, so match the form with the corresponding point in the lifecycle.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Match the text
Procyclic
Epimastigote
Prometacyclic -> Nascent Metacyclic -> Mature Metacyclic
Slender
Intermediate
Stumpy

Click and drag
This is the stage inbetween the slender and stumpy forms
Produced from mature metacyclic on infection into a mammal host
This stage is formed from the intermediate form in mitochondrial activation
Occurs when the tsete fly takes a blood meal, losing a variable antigen coat
Occurs when the procyclic stage in the insect gut moves to the salivary glands, repressing its mitochondria and forming a flagellipodium
Occurs when the epimastigote attaches to host microvilli and forms glycosomes/mitochondria -> Acquires a VSG coat and detaches -> Has a kinetoplast, ready for infection of a mammal

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Which of these isn't a clinical manifestation of trypanosome brucei infection?

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Explanation

Advanced symptoms occur when the parasite enters the central nervous system, leading to unusual symptoms and death.

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What occurs when the trypanosome turns into its long slender form?

Select the correct answer(s).

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After 50 years of purifying trypanosomes and electron microscopy allowed use to find that each trypanosome had different coat types. Each coat type was called a Variant antigen type, but what was the molecule that made up the coat?

Select the correct answer(s).

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The variable surface glycoprotein is a monomer in the VSG coat present around trypanosomes. Which statement about this VSG is incorrect?

Select the correct answer(s).

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In trypanosomes the immune system recognises the dominant VSG, killing 99.999% of the parasite after a few days. Those not killed divide and grow, repeating the cycle. How many VSG's are thought to be present in the trypanosomes repertoire?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

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In trypanosomes the VSG protein is encoded for is determined by the VSG gene. Match the amino acids with the function within the gene.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Explanation

Trypanosomes only require ONE enzyme to cleave of all the VSG's, so its easy to switch.

Match the text
First 20-30 amino acids
Second 360 amino acids
Last 120 amino acids at the C-terminal

Click and drag
Anchors protein into the membrane (usually clipped off and added with an oligosaccharide)
Antigenic variation
Movement across the parasite membrane

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Some VSG genes express an extra copy of the gene in the genome, this is called the...

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

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What makes VSG genes unique from most genes?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

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In trypanosomes the single VSG genes are duplicated and translocated to an expression type near the..

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

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In trypanosome VSG gene studies, how many of them were found to be telomere linked?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

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In trypanosomes VSG genes are found on chromosomes of all sizes, but what provides a higher degree of variation in these genes?

Select the correct answer(s).

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Explanation

There is higher stretches of short tandem repeats in telomeres, and are therefore more likely to undergo recombination.

UoM Parasitology Lecture 10-14 (Year 2, Sem 2, 2017)

Question 1 of 1

Time Left

African trypanosomiasis is also known as...

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Match the trypanosome species with its clinical manifestation/s

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Explanation

Trypanosome brucei gambiense (western/central africa)

Trypanosome brucei rhodesiense (eastern/southern africa)

Acute infection

Chronic infection

Trypanosomes are transmitted by...

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Trypanosomes are funny because they never invade tissues and exist extracellularly in the hosts blood stream. There are stumpy and slender forms but also different cyclic forms, so match the form with the corresponding point in the lifecycle.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Procyclic

Epimastigote

Prometacyclic -> Nascent Metacyclic -> Mature Metacyclic

Slender

Intermediate

Stumpy

This is the stage inbetween the slender and stumpy forms

Produced from mature metacyclic on infection into a mammal host

This stage is formed from the intermediate form in mitochondrial activation

Occurs when the tsete fly takes a blood meal, losing a variable antigen coat

Occurs when the procyclic stage in the insect gut moves to the salivary glands, repressing its mitochondria and forming a flagellipodium

Occurs when the epimastigote attaches to host microvilli and forms glycosomes/mitochondria -> Acquires a VSG coat and detaches -> Has a kinetoplast, ready for infection of a mammal

Which of these isn't a clinical manifestation of trypanosome brucei infection?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

What occurs when the trypanosome turns into its long slender form?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

After 50 years of purifying trypanosomes and electron microscopy allowed use to find that each trypanosome had different coat types. Each coat type was called a Variant antigen type, but what was the molecule that made up the coat?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

The variable surface glycoprotein is a monomer in the VSG coat present around trypanosomes. Which statement about this VSG is incorrect?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

In trypanosomes the immune system recognises the dominant VSG, killing 99.999% of the parasite after a few days. Those not killed divide and grow, repeating the cycle. How many VSG's are thought to be present in the trypanosomes repertoire?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

In trypanosomes the VSG protein is encoded for is determined by the VSG gene. Match the amino acids with the function within the gene.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Explanation

First 20-30 amino acids

Second 360 amino acids

Last 120 amino acids at the C-terminal

Anchors protein into the membrane (usually clipped off and added with an oligosaccharide)

Antigenic variation

Movement across the parasite membrane

Some VSG genes express an extra copy of the gene in the genome, this is called the...

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

What makes VSG genes unique from most genes?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

In trypanosomes the single VSG genes are duplicated and translocated to an expression type near the..

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

In trypanosome VSG gene studies, how many of them were found to be telomere linked?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

In trypanosomes VSG genes are found on chromosomes of all sizes, but what provides a higher degree of variation in these genes?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

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