UoM Immunology Lectures 20-21 (Year 2, Sem 2 2017)

uom-immunology-lectures-20-21-year-2-sem-2-2017

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Question 1 of 1

Time Left

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120

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Fill the blanks. Host transcription factors .... and ..... are upregulated in activated cells, binding LTR. This leads to the transcription of latent viral RNA by host RNA polymerase 2.

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

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Once the HIV virus reaches its first spike in the serum it rapidly declines for a while (a picture is provided if needed). This period is called...

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

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People vary in their ability to control the HIV virus. Match the name with the qualities exhibited by these people.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Match the text
Progressors
Viraemic Controllers
Elite Controllers

Click and drag
Low viral set-point, progress to AIDS slowly
High viral set-point, progress to AIDS quickly
<1% of infected people, control virus to extremely low levels, does not progress to AIDS

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300

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People vary in their ability to control the HIV virus. Match the genes exhibited by progressors and the two controller types, with the terms.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Match the text
Progressors
Viraemic Controllers
Elite Controllers

Click and drag
HLA-B57, HLA-B27 (linked to NK cell responses)
Homozygous HLA class I, HLA-B35
CCR5Δ32 (1% homozygous in caucasion population)

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There are a number of anti-retroviral drugs, highlight the type of drug that isn't used to control viral spread.

Select the correct answer(s).

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Explanation

HIV rapidly mutates to develop resistance to drugs

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HAART stands for Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy, introduced in 1997 using 3 drugs of different mechanisms (can increase life span up to 50 years). Highlight the thing that isn't a drawback of the treatment.

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

204847

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HAART treatment doesn't cure a person with HIV and occurs in 3 phases (shown in the picture). HAART does however decrease viral load and transmission, which is important in many cases, highlight the incorrect case.

Select the correct answer(s).

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Explanation

An AIDS free generation is target of these things

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In HIV therapy. A therapeutic vaccine is a cure, but prophylactic vaccines are... (barriers in vaccine development are shown in the picture)

Select the correct answer(s).

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Explanation

There are many barriers in vaccine development...

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What is the 'Shock and Kill' strategy in combating the formation of latent reservoirs?

Select the correct answer(s).

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Explanation

Vorinostat is a histone DeACetylase inhibitor used in this therapy (there is no evidence shock and kill is effective). Other therapires involve antibody use.

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240

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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has two main strains. Match the HIV type with its qualities.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Match the text
HIV-1
HIV-2

Click and drag
From chimpanzees, more virulent, responsible for most AIDS worldwide
From sooty mangabey, less virulent, prevalent in western africa

204690

180

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The AIDS pandemic has infected 60 million people since 1981 and killed >25 million people have died (2008). HIV is transmitted primarily by transfer of bodily fluids and its major route of entry is...

Select the correct answer(s).

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Explanation

The virus replicates vigourously at the mucosal surface before entering the body

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240

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HIV infects cells expressing CD4. Match the cell tropism with its target cells (an image is provided if needed)

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Match the text
R5-tropic
X4-tropic

Click and drag
Monocytes, macrophages, CD4 T-cells, dendritic cells
Naive CD4 T-cells, mature DC

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120

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Transplantation has been made possible from key advances in two areas. Select the most incorrect option.

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

204223

120

none

Match the challenges in transplantation with its reason.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Match the text
Managing organ rejection
Organ supply

Click and drag
Long term immune suppression is difficult and there is chronic rejection
Demand outweighs the supply

204224

300

none

Match the type of graft with its explanation.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Explanation

Isogeneic/syngeneic = genetically identical

Match the text
Autograft (Isogeneic/syngeneic)
Isograft (Isogeneic/syngeneic)
Allograft (allogeneic)
Xenograft (xenogeneic)

Click and drag
To self
To a different species
To a non-identical human
Between identical twins

UoM Immunology Lectures 20-21 (Year 2, Sem 2 2017)

Question 1 of 1

Time Left

Fill the blanks. Host transcription factors .... and ..... are upregulated in activated cells, binding LTR. This leads to the transcription of latent viral RNA by host RNA polymerase 2.

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Once the HIV virus reaches its first spike in the serum it rapidly declines for a while (a picture is provided if needed). This period is called...

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

People vary in their ability to control the HIV virus. Match the name with the qualities exhibited by these people.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Progressors

Viraemic Controllers

Elite Controllers

Low viral set-point, progress to AIDS slowly

High viral set-point, progress to AIDS quickly

<1% of infected people, control virus to extremely low levels, does not progress to AIDS

People vary in their ability to control the HIV virus. Match the genes exhibited by progressors and the two controller types, with the terms.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Progressors

Viraemic Controllers

Elite Controllers

HLA-B57, HLA-B27 (linked to NK cell responses)

Homozygous HLA class I, HLA-B35

CCR5Δ32 (1% homozygous in caucasion population)

There are a number of anti-retroviral drugs, highlight the type of drug that isn't used to control viral spread.

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

HAART stands for Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy, introduced in 1997 using 3 drugs of different mechanisms (can increase life span up to 50 years). Highlight the thing that isn't a drawback of the treatment.

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

HAART treatment doesn't cure a person with HIV and occurs in 3 phases (shown in the picture). HAART does however decrease viral load and transmission, which is important in many cases, highlight the incorrect case.

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

In HIV therapy. A therapeutic vaccine is a cure, but prophylactic vaccines are... (barriers in vaccine development are shown in the picture)

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

What is the 'Shock and Kill' strategy in combating the formation of latent reservoirs?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has two main strains. Match the HIV type with its qualities.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

HIV-1

HIV-2

From chimpanzees, more virulent, responsible for most AIDS worldwide

From sooty mangabey, less virulent, prevalent in western africa

The AIDS pandemic has infected 60 million people since 1981 and killed >25 million people have died (2008). HIV is transmitted primarily by transfer of bodily fluids and its major route of entry is...

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

HIV infects cells expressing CD4. Match the cell tropism with its target cells (an image is provided if needed)

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

R5-tropic

X4-tropic

Monocytes, macrophages, CD4 T-cells, dendritic cells

Naive CD4 T-cells, mature DC

Transplantation has been made possible from key advances in two areas. Select the most incorrect option.

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Match the challenges in transplantation with its reason.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Managing organ rejection

Organ supply

Long term immune suppression is difficult and there is chronic rejection

Demand outweighs the supply

Match the type of graft with its explanation.

Match the text (click and drag)

(0/0)

Explanation

Autograft (Isogeneic/syngeneic)

Isograft (Isogeneic/syngeneic)