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block

Which one of the following drugs is an example of a long lasting type 1 diabetes treatment?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

Explanation

Glargine is formed in an acidic solution (pH4) which stabilses the hexamer. It carries a lower risk of hypoglycaemia than isophane.

---

Aspart

Isophane

Glulisine

Lispro

Glargine

none

Which of these drugs in a cardioselective Beta-blocker?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Salbutamol

Atenolol

Timolol

Manylols

Propranolol

none

Which receptors does Adenosine work on and how?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

Explanation

Acts as an Alpha-1/Alpha-2 agonist. Caridac a1 receptors: -ve inotropic and chrontropic. Vascular a2 receptors:vasodilation. Administered via IV and has a short half life.

---

Beta-1/Beta-2 antagonist

Alpha-1/Alpha-2 agonist

Beta-1/Beta-2 agonist

Alpha-1/Alpha-2 antagonist

none

Which one of these is an example of a cardiac glycoside?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Amidarone

Disopramide

Digoxin

Isoprenaline

Lidocaine

none

Which of these in not true regarding K+ sparing diuretics?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Spirnonlactone has a half life of 10mins

Results in Na+ and water gain, K+ loss

Prodrug: action via canreone

Eplerenone has a half life of 9-16hrs

Inhibits aldosterone-induced production of Na+ transport proteins in DCT

none

Potassium channel blockers prolong the action potential duration and refractory period, lengthen QT intervals and have a long half life. Which one of these drugs is an example of a KCB?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Isoproterenol

Bretyllium

Amidarone

Flecainide

Digoxin

none

Which one of these is not true about Dobutamine?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

Explanation

Dobutamine stimluates beta-1 receptors. It's also metabolised via COMT in the liver to an inactive form.

---

No loading dose

Administered IV via central line

Half life of approx 2 mins

Excreted in urine

Stimulates alpha-1 receptors

none

How long does the intermediate insulin, isophane, last for?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Approx 16hr

Approx 6hr

Approx 12hr

Approx 20hr

none

Pioglitazone is an example of a thiazolidindione (TZD). Which of these statements is not true?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

Explanation

TZD's are metabolised in the liver by CYP450's and excreted in bile. They have a very slow onset due to them being highly ppb (>99%).

---

Activates transcription factor PPARgamma which affects adipose cell differentiation and glucose lipid metabolism

It's rapidly absorbed with the peak plasma concentration taking less than 2 hours to acheive

Excreted in urine

The onset is slow and reaches its max at about 8 weeks

It's highly plasma protein bound

none

What is Gliclazide?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

Explanation

Gliclazide is a sulphonylurea. It stimulates release from B-cells in the pancreas by blocking the negatvie feedback mechanism of the ATP senstive K+ channels.

---

A biguanide

A sulphonylurea

A alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

A thiazolidindiones

none

Which one of these is a short acting insulin?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Neutral protamine Hagedorn

Lispro

Glargine

Soluble insulin

Detemir

none

For type 1 diabetes which of these is not a rapid acting treatment?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Lispro

Glulisine

Aspart

Glargine

none

Metaformin is a biguanide. Which one of these is not true about biguanides?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

Explanation

Metaformin is not metabolised and is cleared by active tubular secretion and excreted in urine.

---

Excreted in bile

They slow intestinal uptake of sugars

One of the side effects is lactic acidosis

They reduce hepatic glucose output (inhibit gluconeogenesis)

They can supress appetite and cause less weight gain than sulphonylureas

none

Which channels do loop diuertics inhibit in the thick ascending limb?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

NaCl cotransporter

Na/K ATPase

Na/H pump

Na/K/2Cl symporter

none

What is the half life of digoxin?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

6hrs

48hrs

24hrs

12hrs

36hrs