`The branch of science that seeks to understand the effects of drugs on the human body with the intention of preventing, curing or alleviating disease.’

Damian

Samule Dale

1. Samuel Dale: British pharmacist and physician. Had an interest in plant; describing their medicinal use in Pharmacologia (1693). Invented the term pharmacology from greek words: 'Pharmakon' (drug) and Logia (word). 2. Johann Christian Reil: 1797, worte key paper 'An article on the principles for a future pharmacology'. Proposed 8 rules for pharmacology.

1. Willow Tree. Salicylates -> Aspirin. Provides analgesic. antipyretic and anti-inflammatory affect. 2. Belladonna. Atropine. Used as a pupil dilator. 3. Sweet Annie. Artesunate. Contains active ingredient atemisinin which is an antimalarial.

Robert Boyle

1. Not enough effective drugs. Many plant based with efficacy, stability, purity issues etc. 2. Poor understnading of scientific principles 3. Poor appreciation for need of well-controlled trials and investigations.

Modern pharmacology emerged in the late 19th century in Germany. It paralleled advances in chem, physiology, natomy, path etc.

1. Chemical name. 2. Generic name. 3. Brand name Example. 1.n-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanamide. 2. Paracetemol. 3. Panandol etc.

Fluoxetine. Prozac

Simply: 'what the drug does to the body'. Branch of pharmacology concerned with the effects of drugs and the mechanism of their action.

Simply: 'what the body does to the drug' the branch of pharmacology concerned with the movement of drugs within the body. Specifically, their absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion.

Molecular: drug binds to serotonin transporter. Cellular: Neuronal reuptake of serotonin inhibited. Tissue Level: Lowers activity of serotonergic neuronal pathways in CNS. Whole body: imporved mood and alleviation of depression symptoms.

ABSORPTION DISTRIBUTION METABOLISM EXCRETION

Absorption is the transfer of drugs from the site of administration to the systemic circulation.