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block

Generally speaking, the value of sensory adaptation is that it:

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

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allows us to vary our attention between the changing and stable aspects of our environment

allows our attention to focus on the changes that occur in our environment

allows us to feel more attuned to our environment

leads us to be aware of the stable aspects of our environment

none

Why does sugar taste sweet and vinegar taste sour?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

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Sugar and vinegar activate different neurons that carry the information to the brain

Sugar and vinegar trigger different patterns of nerve impulses

The threshold for sour is lower than the threshold for sweet tastes

The size of the jnds for sugar is smaller than those for vinegar

none

Skweeky-kleen is one of the largest manufacturers of dishsoap. They'd like to increase their market share by giving consumers more product, in a bigger bottle, for the same price they charge now, but without being wastefully extravagant with their 'giveaway'. You're a consultant psychologist for the company. What is the first thing to do/try?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

determine the difference threshold for bottle size

Use Stevens' Power Law to determine how much bigger to make it

don't change anything – just put a 'New Bigger Bottle!' label on the bottle

tell the company that the proportion by which they'll need to change the bottle size will vary as a function of original bottle size

none

Weber fractions relate the __________ to the __________.

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

signal; noise

jnd; magnitude of the stimulus

absolute threshold; difference threshold

signal detection; response bias

none

When we look at a musician on stage holding a guitar, the guitar typically hides the musician's midsection and part of the left arm. But we ignore the gaps in the contour of the musician's body and perceive it as a complete form anyway. This illustrates:

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Gestalt principle of closure

illusory contours

the Gestalt principle of proximity

figure-ground segregation

none

The quantitative dimension of a stimulus (such as brightness of a light, loudness of a sound) is coded at the level of sensory neurons by:

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

the pattern of neurons that become active

the rate of neurons firing

the amplitude of action potentials

the location of the neurons firing

none

As sleep cycles progress over the course of an average night, the amount of time spent in REM sleep:

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Decreases

Becomes zero (i.e. REM eventually drops out of the sleep cycle)

becomes 100% (the last few hours of sleep, before regular waking time, are entirely REM)

Increases

none

The Gestalt law of similarity predicts that:

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

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similar objects are closer to each other than different objects

similar objects are more easily perceived than different objects

near objects are perceived as being smaller than distant objects

similar elements are perceptually grouped together

none

Which of the following is NOT true about sleep:

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

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REM sleep happens once per night

As you transition through the stages of sleep from stage 4 to stage 2, your neural activity oscillates at faster and faster frequencies

During stage 4 sleep, your skeletal muscles are almost completely inactive

Stages 3 and 4 are the deepest stages of sleep, when regular, slow, waves are evident on EEG

none

According to the feature-integration theory of attention, which of the following is NOT true?

Select the correct answer(s).  

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whereas binding of complex stimulus features requires attention, binding of simple stimulus features (such as colour, shape, or orientation) does not

searches for targets defined by more than one feature (eg colour and shape) are slow and require attention

attention is required to bind different features together in an object

searches for targets defined by a single feature (such as colour, shape, or orientation) can be performed quickly and preattentively

none

How does perception differ from sensation?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

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sensory neurons exhibit adaptation; perceptual neurons do not

they don't differ; the two terms are synonymous

sensation requires no experience whereas perception implies prior experience which gives a sensation its meaning

sensation involves active arousal whereas perception is passive

none

A white shirt is seen as being equally bright outside on a sunny day and in a dimly lit room. This is because:

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

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the retinal signal generated in response to the shirt is the same in both environments

lightness constancy compensates for a difference in the amount of light reflected

the shirt reflects the same amount of light in both environments

the Gestalt principle of similarity

none

Evidence for the theory that sleep helps us to consolidate memories comes from research indicating that

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

cells in the hippocampus are activated during learning and again during sleep

cells in the suprachiasmatic nucleus are active during learning and again during sleep

students perform better on tests after a good night's sleep

damage to the hypothalamus results in both sleep and memory problems

none

As you fall asleep, how do your EEG wave patterns change as you go from being alert, to being relaxed, to being deep asleep?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

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beta waves → alpha waves → delta waves

theta waves → delta waves → beta waves

alpha waves → delta waves → beta waves

alpha waves → beta waves → delta waves

none

Suppose that you have just finished working out and decide to take a shower. You are also expecting an important phone call and so decide that you will listen extra carefully for the ringing of the phone. Two or three times you pop your head out of the shower thinking that you hear the phone (but it really didn't ring). Your experience of listening for the phone has to do with

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

just-noticeable differences

Weber's fraction

your absolute threshold

your response bias