Language - cognitive development

language-cognitive-development

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Question 1 of 1

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Johnson and Newport (1989) tested native Chinese and Korean speakers who had emigrated to the US and learned English as a second language. What did they find?

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How many languages are their around the world (Goswami, 2008)?

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At what gestation week are fetuses capable of discriminating vowel sounds, but no evidence exists for consonants?

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Explanation

Is a way in which we become fluent in our native language.

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How do we know that infants are born with a preference for speech?

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What are phonemes?

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Explanation

The English language has approximately 44 phonemes (out of 600 consonant phonemes and 200 vowel phonemes).

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Why can't speech be innate?

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Explanation

We must learn the phonemes that make up our native language. In adults, the perception of phonemes is categorical e.g. We hear pa or ba but not a hybrid.

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Who used the sucking procedure to look at whether 1 month and 4 month old infants perceived phonemes categorically?

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Explanation

DeCaspar & Fifer (1980) - Newborns suck harder (or softer) to hear their mother read a familar story they heard in the last 6 weeks of pregnancy. Newborns suck harder (or softer) to hear speech relative to non-speech sounds (Vouloumanos & Werker, 2007) an

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What did Elmas et al. (1991) find in his phonemes study?

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Young infants can discriminate phonemes in other languages as well as their native language. At what age does this ability decline?

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Kuhl et al. (2003) exposed 9-month old infants to around 5 hours of spoken Mandarin Chinese speakers (over 12 sessions) during live play session or on TV. They then looked at the infants' ability to discriminate Mandarin Chinese speech sounds not present in English at 10-12 months. What did results show?

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Saffran et al. (1996) showed that infants use transitional probabilities to segment speech. What age were they?

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Explanation

If one phoneme always followed another (e.g. In a word) it has a high transitional probability. If phonemes cross word boundaries then it will have a lower transitional probability.

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Fernandez and Mazzie (1991) asked mothers of 14 month old infants to 'tell the Kelly's new clothes' story to an infant or an adult. They measured the acoustic properties of target words (e.g. Items of clothings such as socks). What did they find?

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Explanation

Motherese plays a role in word learning (used to mark new information in speech).

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Motherese is thought to help children learn language and other complex forms of social exchange (e.g. Perspective talking). Due to this, motherese is thought to:

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Explanation

Motherese is a universal language for talking to babies.

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Macaques can't speak, but use motherese in the form of...?

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Explanation

This form of communication disappears within the infant's first month of life (Ferrari et al., 2009)

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Language - cognitive development

Question 1 of 1

Time Left

Johnson and Newport (1989) tested native Chinese and Korean speakers who had emigrated to the US and learned English as a second language. What did they find?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

How many languages are their around the world (Goswami, 2008)?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

At what gestation week are fetuses capable of discriminating vowel sounds, but no evidence exists for consonants?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

How do we know that infants are born with a preference for speech?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

What are phonemes?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

Why can't speech be innate?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

Who used the sucking procedure to look at whether 1 month and 4 month old infants perceived phonemes categorically?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

What did Elmas et al. (1991) find in his phonemes study?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Young infants can discriminate phonemes in other languages as well as their native language. At what age does this ability decline?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Saffran et al. (1996) showed that infants use transitional probabilities to segment speech. What age were they?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

Fernandez and Mazzie (1991) asked mothers of 14 month old infants to 'tell the Kelly's new clothes' story to an infant or an adult. They measured the acoustic properties of target words (e.g. Items of clothings such as socks). What did they find?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

Motherese is thought to help children learn language and other complex forms of social exchange (e.g. Perspective talking). Due to this, motherese is thought to:

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

Macaques can't speak, but use motherese in the form of...?

Select the correct answer(s).

(0/0)

Explanation

Tamasello (2006) argues that communication systems found in non-human animals differ to humans in what way?

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