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Match the following defintions

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Match the text
Obligate Aerobe
Obligate Anaerobe
Faculative Anaerobe
Microaerophile
Aerotolerant Anaerobe

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Does not need oxygen but will grow regardless of concentration
Requires oxygen to grow
Cannot grow in the presence of oxygen
Requires oxygen to grow but in lower concentrations
Can grow with or without oxygen

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Match the following words

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Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic

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The water activity outside of the cell is less than inside of the cell.
The water activity inside of the cell is equal to the water activtity outside of the cell.
The water actvity outside of the cell is greater than inside of the cell.

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Which of the following are gram positive?

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Cyanobacteria

Lactococcus

Streptococcus pyogenes

Corynebacterium

Enterococcus faecillis

Yersina pestis

Beggiatoa

Pseudomonas spp

Clostridium spp

Desulphovibro

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Match the following defintions

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Heterotroph
Autotroph
Chemotroph
Lithotroph
Organotroph
Phototroph

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Carbon source = Organic molecules
Carbon source = Carbon Dioxide
Electron source = Organic molecules
Electron source = Inorganic molecules
Energy source = Light
Energy source = Molecules

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What occurs at each stage of the viral cycle?

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Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
Stage 5

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The virus will use the organelles and enzymes within the cell to replicate its genetic material and synthesise the
Viral receptors attach to the host cell, leading to the uptake of the virus into the cell
The genetic material of the virus is released
The new viruses are assembled together using what the cell has produced
The virus will leave the cell either by buddin off/exocytosis. This may result in the lysis of the cell

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What are the properties of the virus when it is extraceullar?

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It is metabolically inert

It is producing enzymes to replicate its nucleic acid

It is found as a minute particle called a viron

It is capable of suriving for a long period of time

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Which results of the catalase test correspond to which organism?

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Match the text
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus

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Negative
Postitive

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What are some of the limitations of the viable count?

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labour intensive

dead cells may be present as well as extraceullar material

the media may not support growth completely - especially with unknown organisms

large cells may effect results

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What range of temperatures do the following microbe types live in?

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Psychrophiles
Mesophiles
Psychotolerant
Thermophiles
Extreme Thermophiles

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Low temperatures, min = 0, max = 20, opt = around 15
Average temperatures, 10 < T > 45/50, opt = 37
Grow best between 20-40 but able to grow at tempertaures as low as 0
Opt = 80C
opt = 60C,

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Match the following growth media to their descriptions

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Match the text
Undefined Complex Media
Enriched Media
Selective Media
Differential Media
Simple Media
Defined Media

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This is made up of the digests of animal/plant products. The exact composistion is unknown and may vary from batch-to-batch
There are compounds present that will inhibit the growth of some microorganisms.
Often used for pathogens. It contains additional nutrients.
An indicator or dye is used to show the various types fo chemical reactions during growth. This type of medium is helpful with distinguishing between species.
Agar is an example of this.
The exact chemical composistion of this is known.

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Which of the following are false for the organism Staphylococcus aureus?

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It causes necrotisisng faciitis

It causes boils, abcesses and ulcers

It is a commensal organism in around 15% of the population

It causes scaled skin syndrome

It cannot cause toxic shock syndrome

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What causes Malaria?

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Toxoplasma gondii

Plasmodium spp

Paramecium

Moritella profunda

Balantidium coli

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Which of the following are true for Obligate Aerobes?

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They are able to grow at very low concentrations of oxygen

They will never undergo fermentation

They use oxygen as an electron acceptor

They can undergo fermentation when oxygen concentrations are low

They use hydrogen as an electron acceptor in respiration

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Sporulation

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Normal growing cells are vegetative - there are high nutrients and low toxic compounds.

Once the cell senses a stressor it will stop

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and spores will develop. Once they are fully developed they will be released from the cell.

The conditions will kill off the cell but the spores will surive. This will therefore allow the

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Once conditions improve the spores will be

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and they germinate and form

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which are sensitive to stress again.

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Which of the following are true for Viruses?

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They are all similar in size

They only contain DNA and protein

They may be surrounded by a lipid membrane taken from the hosts membranes

The capsid is made of proteins and provides stability

They are host selective