ethers

esters

glycerols

alcohols

thermal energy, chemical energy, mechanical energy, electrical energy

chemical energy, thermal energy, electrical energy, mechanical energy

chemical energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, electrical energy

chemicall energy, mechanical energy, thermal energy, electrical energy

biodiesel is polar and has a higher viscosity

biodiesel is non-polar and has a lower viscosity

biodiesel is polar and has a lower viscosity

biodiesel is non-polar and has a higher viscosity

is the point in which the fuel is least viscous

is the point of evaporation of a fuel

is the point of which small crystals start to form

is a measure of performance at high temperatures

is non polar

absorbs water easily

biodegrades well

is made from fossil fuels

diesel engines can only run on diesel made from fossil fuels

diesel engines produce 10-20% more carbon dioxide than petrol engines

diesel engines have a higher energy efficiency and energy per litre compared to petrol engines

diesel engines do not have good fuel economy compared to petrol engines

condensation

hydrolysis

esterification

transesterification

petrodiesel

petrol

coal

biodiesel

brown coal due to high carbon content

peat due to low carbon content and high water content

black coal due to high carbon content and high water content

black coal due to high carbon content and low water content

carbon chains of 10-18 and temperatures around 325 degrees C

carbon chains of 1-4 and temperatures around 100 deg. C

carbon chains around 1- 7 and temperatures around 375 deg C.

carbon chains around 20 and temperatures around 400 deg. C