Homologous tissues

Heterologous tissues

Artificial biomaterials

All of the above

Native nonurologic tissues

latex.

polyvinyl.

biodegradable polymers.

silicone.

urethane.

The use of matrices alone

The use of matrices with cells

The principles of cell transplantation

All of the above

The principles of materials science

all of the above are relevant.

the cells and matrix are implanted in vivo.

cells are either implanted directly into the host or expanded in culture.

donor tissue is dissociated into individual cells.

cells are attached to a support matrix.

They define a three-dimensional space for the formation of new tissues.

They facilitate the localization and delivery of cells.

They facilitate the localization and delivery of bioactive factors.

They guide the development of new tissues with appropriate function.

All of the above are true.

Acellular tissue matrices

All of the above

None of the above

Naturally derived materials

Synthetic polymers

Tissue engineering

Autoaugmentation

Ureterocystoplasty

All of the above

Tissue expansion

contraction of the intestinal patch.

tissue necrosis.

decreased vascularity.

mucosal regrowth.

angiogenesis.

(a). mechanical failure.

(e). none of the above.

(d). *a and *c.

(b). emboli.

(c). calculus formation.

a high reparative capacity.

frequent malignant differentiation.

poor growth parameters.

none of the above.

an inherent capacity for artificial extracellular matrix attachment.

None of the above

All of the above

The availability of adequate growth factors

The availability of adequate surgical techniques

The availability of sufficient autologous tissue

Organ transplantation

Engineered functional renal structures

Bioartificial renal tubules

Dialysis

Bioartificial hemofilters

Easily injectable

All of the above

Nonantigenic

Nonmigratory

Volume stable

They allow for physiologic release of substances.

All of the above.

They have a semipermeable barrier.

They provide a long-term delivery system of byproducts.

They are protected from the host’s immune system.

None of the above

Stem cells derived from nuclear transfer techniques

Induced pluripotent stem cells

Autologous primary cells

Embryonic stem cells