is associated with a spectrum of ovarian abnormalities.

is associated with persistent wolffian duct structures.

is a homogeneous disorder comprising congenital absence of the uterus and vagina.

has associated upper urinary tract anomalies, primarily with the atypical disorder.

presents most commonly as infertility.

4 to 6 weeks.

10 to 14 weeks.

14 to 18 weeks.

8 to 10 weeks.

more than 18 weeks.

Serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels can be expected to be abnormally high.

Embryologically it results from a failure of the sinovaginal bulbs to develop and form the vaginal plate.

It is a condition associated with skeletal abnormalities.

It is a condition associated with renal abnormalities.

It occurs with an incidence of approximately 1 in 5000 live female births.

40% to 60%

0% (they are not seen in association with the syndrome)

70% to 90%

25% to 35%

10% to 20%

Transverse vaginal septum

Vaginal agenesis

Mixed gonadal dysgenesis

Testicular feminization

Imperforate hymen

The labia majora are typically normal in appearance.

In approximately 10% of patients a normal but obstructed uterus or rudimentary uterus with functional endometrium is present.

Normal fallopian tubes are seen in approximately 35% of patients.

The ovaries are not functional in the majority of patients.

The hymenal fringe is usually present along with a small vaginal pouch.

An advantage of a bowel vagina over the McIndoe procedure includes the lubricating properties of mucus (which may help to facilitate intercourse).

In general, colon is preferred over ileum because of its lower incidence of associated postoperative stenosis.

When compared with the McIndoe procedure, the bowel vagina suffers from a higher incidence of postoperative stenosis.

Failure to develop an adequate space between the rectum and bladder can result in compromised blood flow to the segment used for vaginal construction.

One specific indication for the use of ileum is a previous history of pelvic radiation.

anomalies of the axial skeleton.

constipation.

cyclical abdominal pain associated with normal cyclical menstruation.

primary amenorrhea.

renal anomalies contralateral to the side of the obstruction.

Asian

African-American

American Indian

White

Hispanic

They should be treated with surgical lysis.

They require no treatment.

They occur secondary to sexual abuse.

They are believed to occur because of a relative state of hyperestrogenism.

They have associated renal anomalies.

4 to 8 years

Older than 12 years

Younger than 2 years

8 to 12 years

2 to 4 years

true hermaphroditism.

mixed gonadal dysgenesis.

cloacal anomalies.

gonadal dysgenesis.

congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

ascites.

distended rectum.

distended bladder.

distended bladder and rectum.

distended vagina.

Single vagina, no uterus

Two vaginas, one uterus

Single vagina, single uterus

Single vagina, double uterus

Two vaginas, two uteri

MRI of the head

Genitography

MRI of the spine

Echocardiography