Young syndrome

Kallmann syndrome

Kartagener syndrome

Klinefelter syndrome

Cystic fibrosis

Obstruction of the ejaculatory duct

Renal agenesis

Ejaculatory duct stone

Trisomy 21

Inflammation

Primary adenocarcinoma

Sarcoma

Cystosarcoma phyllodes

Metastatic tumors

Amyloidosis

Vasography

Transrectal ultrasonography

CT

Fine-needle biopsy

MRI

Rectal examination

Contrast medium–enhanced CT

Transrectal ultrasonography

Biopsy of the lesion

Gadolinium–enhanced MRI

The laparoscopic route so that the ipsilateral kidney can be dealt with concomitantly and recovery may be shorter

The transcoccygeal route because these are usually large lesions

The transvesical route because rectal injury is much less likely

The paravesical route because this has a lower incidence of postoperative erectile dysfunction

The perineal route because this has the quickest recovery

Need for exploration of the ipsilateral kidney

Patient wishing to maintain potency

Patient with metastatic tumor to the seminal vesicle

Patient with bilateral large seminal vesicle lesions

Patient with previous suprapubic and/or perineal surgery

aspiration and antibiotic instillation.

endoscopic unroofing by deep transurethral resection

transvesical excision of the seminal vesicle.

retropubic approach to unroof the abscess.

laparoscopic unroofing.

Deferential artery

Inferior epigastric artery

Inferior epididymal artery

Internal spermatic artery

Superior vesicle artery

it results in a lower rate of complications, including hematoma and infection.

patients are rendered sterile in less time.

it has a higher sterilization rate than standard vasectomy with incision.

it results in a higher rate of reversibility.

it is easier to learn than the standard technique.

hematoma

vasectomy failures.

injury to testicular artery.

chronic orchalgia.

recanalization.

10% to 20%.

5% to 10%.

50% to 60%.

less than 1%.

20% to 30%.

occluding both ends of the divided vas deferens thermally with the use of intraluminal cautery.

no-scalpel technique.

occluding both ends of the divided vas deferens with hemoclips.

conventional technique.

fascial interposition of dartos fascia between the divided ends of the vas deferens.

no-scalpel technique.

occluding both ends of the divided vas deferens thermally with the use of intraluminal cautery.

occluding both ends of the divided vas deferens with hemoclips.

not excising a long segment of vas deferens.

dividing the vas deferens as close to the epididymis as possible.

dementia.

a 10% incidence of chronic scrotal pain.

prostate cancer.

cardiovascular disease.

atherosclerosis.