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block

Which site shows a loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Locus coeruleus

Basal forebrain

Substantia nigra

Raphe nucleus

none

Which of the following therapies would provide a substance abuser with a way of controlling drug use with the least effort?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Dissociation of drug cues and drug rewards

Behavioral modification

A vaccine against the drug

Pharmacological treatment

none

As a consequence of repeated use of a drug, larger and larger doses of the drug may be necessary in order to achieve the same effect. This is a consequence of the development of

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

sensitization.

cross-tolerance.

withdrawal.

tolerance.

none

Which of the following neurotransmitters, by acting as a retrograde messenger, has a role in maintaining smooth muscle relaxation, increasing blood flow to the penis, and thereby maintaining erection?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Acetylcoline

5-HT

NE

NO

none

Which of the following is not part of the amine subtype of small-molecule neurotransmitters?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Glycine

Dopamine

Norepinephrine

Serotonin

none

The development of _______ tolerance may result in a change in the number of receptors present in the cell membrane.

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

metabolic

therapeutic

cross-

functional

none

Which of the following is not an opioid peptide?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

β-endorphin

Met-enkephalin

Dynorphin A

CCK

none

Drugs that are effective in reducing the symptoms of schizophrenia are known as

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

neuroleptics.

anxiolytics.

sedatives.

tricyclics.

none

The calming effect of alcohol on neurons is probably mediated by _______, which is one of alcohol’s breakdown products.

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

thiamine

kainate

allopregnanolone

an orphan receptor

none

Which of the following structures contains serotonergic nerve cell bodies?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Medial septal nucleus

Nucleus basalis

Raphe nucleus

Pedunculopontine nucleus

none

Which of the following drugs is a serotonergic agonist and functions like an anxiolytic?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Morphine

Valium

Nicotine

Buspar

none

If a newly developed drug is found to bind to serotonin receptors and activate them, the drug is classified as a(n)

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

prototype.

ligand.

antagonist.

agonist.

none

The Effects of a Drug Depend on Its Site of Action and Dose The dose at which a drug has a half-maximal response is termed the

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

ED50.

LD50.

therapeutic dose.

saturated dose.

none

Which of the following substances competes with the neuromodulator adenosine?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Nicotine

Colchicine

Tetanus toxin

Caffeine

none

Down-regulation is the process by which

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

an excessive number of transmitter molecules are available to the receptor over a period of time, causing a decrease in the receptor sites that can be counted.

there is an increase in the effectiveness of endogenous neurotransmitters.

there is a decrease in the amount of drug necessary for regulation of normal functioning.

an excessive amount of a drug is available to the receptor over a period of time, causing an increase in the receptor sites that can be counted.