IS A QUANITY THAT HAS A MAGNITUDE (E.G. DISTANCE/SPEED)

STUDY OF MECHANICS OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUES AND SYSTEMS/STUDY OF FORCES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON LIVING THINGS

WHEN A FORCE ACTS ON AN OBJECT THE CHANGE OF MOTION (MOMENTUM) EXPERIENCED BY THE OBJECT TAKES PLACE IN THE DIRECTION OF THE FORCE AND THIS IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE SIZE OF THE FORCE AND INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE MASS OF THE OBJECT

STUDY OF BODIES IN MOTION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FORCES (STATICS; REST/EQUALLIBRIUM – DYNAMICS; MOVEMENT)

THE INPUT IS THE FORCES ACTING ON THE SYSTEM (AND NOT THE FORCES BODY EXERTS ON THE SURROUNDING) AND THE OUTPUT IS THE MOTION OF SYSTEM. FORCES DRAWN IN A FBD ARE WEIGHT OF THE SYSTEM AND FORCES ARISING FROM INTERACTION WITH THE SURROUNDING (E.G. AIR, GROUND, OBJECTS)

involves determination of the frequency content of the raw (unprocessed) EMG. A Fast Fourier Transformation (FTT) technique can be used to this end.

is the technique of recording electrical activity of contracting muscles using surface or indwelling electrodes. Electromyograms (also abbreviated as EMG) are the records of contracting muscles electrical activity.

STUDY OF BODIES IN MOTION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FORCES (STATICS; REST/EQUALLIBRIUM – DYNAMICS; MOVEMENT)

NET(RESULTANT)VECTOR = A2 + B2 – 2AB COSØ

The direction of the net acceleration of the object is determined by the vector sum of tangential (linear) and centripetal accelerations (McGuinnis, 2013).

THE AVERAGE NET TORQUE (ANGULAR ANALOG OF FORCE) ACTING OVER SOME INTERVAL OF TIME WILL CAUSE A CHANGE IN ANGULAR MOMENTUM OF AN OBJECT (Tat = ∆Ha).

SOMETHING THAT ACCELERATES OR DEFORMS AN OBJECT. FOR RIGID BODIES, WE IGNORE DEFORMATION, FRCE IS A PUSH OR PULL

IS A QUANITY THAT HAS A MAGNITUDE (E.G. DISTANCE/SPEED)

IS A QUANTITY THAT HAS BOTH MAGNITUDE AND DIRECTION (E.G. DISPLACEMENT/VELOCITY)

SOMETHING THAT ACCELERATES OR DEFORMS AN OBJECT. FOR RIGID BODIES, WE IGNORE DEFORMATION, FRCE IS A PUSH OR PULL

STUDY OF FORCES THAT CAUSE OR RESULT IN FROM MOTION

SOMETHING THAT ACCELERATES OR DEFORMS AN OBJECT. FOR RIGID BODIES, WE IGNORE DEFORMATION, FRCE IS A PUSH OR PULL

THE INPUT IS THE FORCES ACTING ON THE SYSTEM (AND NOT THE FORCES BODY EXERTS ON THE SURROUNDING) AND THE OUTPUT IS THE MOTION OF SYSTEM. FORCES DRAWN IN A FBD ARE WEIGHT OF THE SYSTEM AND FORCES ARISING FROM INTERACTION WITH THE SURROUNDING (E.G. AIR, GROUND, OBJECTS)

THE REACTION FORCE EXERTED BY THE GROUND ON AN INDIVIDUAL

EVERY OBJECT WILL REMAIN AT REST OR CONTINUE WITH UNIFORM MOTION UNLESS IT IS ACTED UPON BY UNBALANCED FORCE

IS A QUANTITY THAT HAS BOTH MAGNITUDE AND DIRECTION (E.G. DISPLACEMENT/VELOCITY)

A MEASURE OF RESISTANCE AGAINST BEING ROTATED IS MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA, WHICH IS THE ANGULAR EQUIVELENT OF MASS OFR THE LINEAR MOVMEENTS. IF MASS (INERTIA) IS A MEASURE OF RESISTANCE AGAINST BEING PUSHED OR PULLED, MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA IS A MEASURE OF RESISTANCE AGAINST BEING ROTATED

NET(RESULTANT)VECTOR = A2 + B2 – 2AB COSØ

THE AVERAGE NET FORCE ACTING OVER SOME INTERVAL OF TIME WILL CAUSE A CHANGE IN LINEAR MOMENTUM OF AN OBJECT (FT = TRIANGLE[L]) WE CAN INTERPRET CJHANGE IN MOMENTUM TO MEAN CHANGE IN VELOCITY, BECAUSE MOST OBJECTS HAVE CONSTATNT MASS

IS DEFINED AS THE FORCE APPLIED MULTIPLIED BY THE TIME FO FORCE

IS A QUANITY THAT HAS A MAGNITUDE (E.G. DISTANCE/SPEED)

is the product of force and amount of displacement in the direction of that force

is a branch of science that deals with the description of movement, without regard to the forces that underlie production of the observed movement. Displacement, velocity, and acceleration are the most commonly used kinematic parameters.

FIXED COORDINATE POSITION WITHIN THE LABROATORY OR ENVIRONMENT

ATTACHED TO A SEGMENT AND HENCE MOVES WITH IT DURING MOVEMENT

HAS NO MOVING PARTS AND CANNOT BE DEFORMED, THIS STATE IMPLIES THAT ITS INERTIAL PROPERTIES ARE FIXED VALUES

THE TWO FORCES IN AN ACTION-REACTION PAIR MUST NEVER APPEAR IN THE SAME FBD BECAUSE THEY NEVER ACT ON THE SAME BODY

FIXED COORDINATE POSITION WITHIN THE LABROATORY OR ENVIRONMENT

A 2 dimensional (2D) analysis of movement

ATTACHED TO A SEGMENT AND HENCE MOVES WITH IT DURING MOVEMENT

THE AVERAGE NET FORCE ACTING OVER SOME INTERVAL OF TIME WILL CAUSE A CHANGE IN LINEAR MOMENTUM OF AN OBJECT

IS DEFINED AS THE FORCE APPLIED MULTIPLIED BY THE TIME FO FORCE

THE TOTAL MOMENTUM OF A SYSTEM OF OBJECTS IS CONSTANT IF THE NET ETERNAL FORCE ACTING ON THE YSTEM IS ZERO.

STUDY OF BODIES IN MOTION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FORCES (STATICS; REST/EQUALLIBRIUM – DYNAMICS; MOVEMENT)

DOES NOT DISTORT OR CHANGES ITS SHAPE DURING MOVEMENT. HAS NO MOVING PARTS AND CANNOT BE DEFORMED, THIS STATE IMPLIES THAT ITS INERTIAL PROPERTIES ARE FIXED VALUES (THAT ITS MASS, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MASS DISTRIBUTION ARE CONSTANT

CONCERNED WITH QUANTITATES THAT DESCRIBE TRANSLATIONAL AND ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT OF THE BODY + COMMON MEASURES OF KINEMATIC INCLUDE; LINEAR & ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT, VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION

refers to the number of times a continuous (analog) signal is sampled (measured) in one second. Unit of sampling frequency is Hertz (Hz).

is the capacity to do work.

is a branch of science that deals with the description of movement, without regard to the forces that underlie production of the observed movement. Displacement, velocity, and acceleration are the most commonly used kinematic parameters.

BOTH GCS/LCS USE A RIGHT HAND RULE. IF YOUR FINGERS OF THE RIGHT HAND ARE POINTING IN THE DIRECTION OF POSITIVE X, AND THEN BENT AND POINT IN THE DIRECTION OF NEGATIVE Y, YOUR THUMB WILL POINT IN THE DIRECTION OF NEGATIVE Z

BOTH GCS/LCS USE A RIGHT HAND RULE. IF YOUR FINGERS OF THE RIGHT HAND ARE POINTING IN THE DIRECTION OF POSITIVE X, AND THEN BENT AND POINT IN THE DIRECTION OF POSITIVE Y, YOUR THUMB WILL POINT IN THE DIRECTION OF NEGATIVE Z

BOTH GCS/LCS USE A RIGHT HAND RULE. IF YOUR FINGERS OF THE RIGHT HAND ARE POINTING IN THE DIRECTION OF POSITIVE X, AND THEN BENT AND POINT IN THE DIRECTION OF POSITIVE Y, YOUR THUMB WILL POINT IN THE DIRECTION OF POSITIVE Z

CONCERNED WITH QUANTITATES THAT DESCRIBE TRANSLATIONAL AND ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT OF THE BODY + COMMON MEASURES OF KINEMATIC INCLUDE; LINEAR & ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT, VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION

We separate all forces and moments during a 2D movement into three coordinates and solve them separately (Whittlesey & Robertson).

is an engineering term for 2D motion. During a general plane movement, an object (body segment) has three degrees of freedom (DOF).

FOR 2D VECTORS, WE CAN RESOLVE THE VECTOR INTO TWO OTHERS IN ANY GIVEN DIRECION BY WORKING THE PARALLELOGRAM RULE BACKWARD. WHEN THE TWO RESOLVED VECTORS ARE PERPENDICULAR TO EACH OTHER, THEY ARE CALLED THE COMPONENTS OF THE ORIGINAL VECTOR. FOR 3D VECTORS, BY THE SAME TOKEN, A VECTOR CAN BE RESOLVED INTO THREE COMPONENTS ALONG THREE PERPENDICULAR AXIS

The three cardinal planes of movement are sagittal, transverse, and frontal planes. A 2 dimensional (2D) analysis of movement assumes that the movement of interest occur mainly in only one plane (swimming, cycling, running).

IS THE EFFECT OF THE EARTHS GRAVITATIONAL FORCE ON THE BODY

MAGNITUDE OF MATTER IN A BODY

WHEN A FORCE ACTS ON AN OBJECT THE CHANGE OF MOTION (MOMENTUM) EXPERIENCED BY THE OBJECT TAKES PLACE IN THE DIRECTION OF THE FORCE AND THIS IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE SIZE OF THE FORCE AND INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE MASS OF THE OBJECT

IS A FORM OF ATTRACTIVE FORCE AND IS THE RESULT OF INTERACTION BETWEEN MASSES OF THE EARTH AND AN OBJECT. GRAVITATIONAL FORCE OF THE EARTH ACTS ON THE BODY AND PULLS IN TOWARDS ITS CENTRE

MAGNITUDE OF MATTER IN A BODY

IS THE PROPERTY OF AN OBJECT TO RESIST CHANGES IN ITS MOTION. FOR LINEAR MOVEMENTS INERTIA REPRESENTS RESISTANCE OF THE BODY/OBJECT AGAINST BEING PULLED/PUSHED AND IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO THE MASS OF THE BODY/OBJECT.

IS THE EFFECT OF THE EARTHS GRAVITATIONAL FORCE ON THE BODY

IS A FORM OF ATTRACTIVE FORCE AND IS THE RESULT OF INTERACTION BETWEEN MASSES OF THE EARTH AND AN OBJECT. GRAVITATIONAL FORCE OF THE EARTH ACTS ON THE BODY AND PULLS IN TOWARDS ITS CENTRE