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block

Because they lack well-defined and complex organ systems, we hypothesize that ___ diverged from all other animals early in the evolution of animals

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

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Poriferans

None of the above

Bilaterians

Choanoflagellates

Protostomes

none

Members of ecdysozoa:

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

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Molt their cuticle during growth

Secrete a cuticle made of calcium carbonate

Have trochophores

Have trochophore larvae

Have two tissue layers

none

Which of the following represents the male gametophyte of a conifer?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Spore

Ovule

Sperm

Pollen grain

Tree

none

Two characteristics that are shared by gymnosperms and angiosperms that are absent from earlier plant groups and represent key adaptations to life on dry land are:

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

A vascular system and lignin

Flowers and fruit

Flagellated sperm and gametangia

Gametophyte and sporophyte generations

Pollen and seeds

none

What group of land plants is thought to have contributed most to fossil fuel and coal deposits?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Ferns and horsetails

Bryophytes

Lycophytes

Sphagnum mosses in peat bogs

Conifer and angiosperm trees

none

Which of the following is considered a likely explanation for the events of the Cambrian Explosion?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

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Complex predator=prey relationships and increased atmospheric oxygen levels promoted animal diversification

Complex predator-prey relationships and increased atmospheric oxygen levels led to a mass extinction event

The massive growth of swamp vegetation depleted the atmosphere's carbon dioxide and eventually cooled the Earth's climate

A great surge of volcanic activity was triggered by significant movements of the continental plates and possibly by an asteroid impact

Solar flares led to increased UV radiation intensity, which in turn promoted a high rate of mutation. This led to rapid diversification of animals.

none

Your guide points out lichen growing on a tree trunk, and comments that lichens are actually a type of fungus. Why is this incorrect?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Lichens are actually composed of both living fungi and green algae (or cyanobacteria)

Lichens are actually algae living in a dead fungal growth

Lichens are actually a type of vascular plants that produce hyphae instead of roots

Lichens are actually bryophytes that produce hyphae instead of roots

Lichens are actually composed of fungi and bryophytes

none

Consider the following kinds of organisms: apicomplexans, dinoflagellates, and ciliates. All of these organisms belong to which group?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Choanoflagellates

Animal-like protists

Alveolates

Algae

Prokaryotes

none

Evidence for the relatively close relationship of archaea to eukaryotes includes:

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

The absence of ribosomes in both of these groups

The presence of peptidoglycan in the cell wall of each group

The absence of introns from genes in both groups

The fact that both contain circular DNA without histones

The fact that their growth is not inhibited by certain antibiotics that inhibit bacterial growth

none

The network of branching filaments that form the main body of a multicellular fungus is the

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Rhizoid

Mycelium

Spore

Hypha

Fruiting body

none

Which of the following occurs in a mushroom, that is, in the fruiting body of a basidiomycete?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Diploid nuclei form, undergo meiosis, and produce haploid spored

Asexual reproduction takes place through basidiogenesis

Hyphae of two different mating types fuse

Heterokaryotic cells separate to re-create the original haploid hyphae

Spores germinate and form a haploid mycelium

none

While wading in the ocean, you look down in the water and notice an umbrella-shaped, translucent animal. It swims by pulsing its body, and long tentacles trail behind it. One of them brushes your leg and it stings you. To what phylum does this creature probably belong?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Porifera

Molluska

Nematoda

Cnidaria

Platyhelminthes

none

Many antibiotics work by inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a component of the bacterial cell wall. What is a possible mechanism of action for anti-fungal drugs?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Inhibiting the synthesis of peotidoglycan in fungi

Inhibiting the synthesis of chitin in fungi

Inhibiting the synthesis of cellulose in fungi

Inhibiting the synthesis of lignin in fungi

None of the above

none

In which of the following divisions of Archaea would you be most likely to find organisms that flourish in hot, salty environments?

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Proteobacteri

Thaumarchaeota

Cyanobacteria

Euyarchaeota

Crenarchaeota

none

Euglenazoans, dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, and stramenopiles all are protist groups in which some, but not all, species are photoautotrophic. According to current thinking, the organelles that enable photosynthesis in these groups are

Select the correct answer(s).  

(0/0)

---

Chloroplasts that formed when their ancestors engulfed cyanobacteria

Remnants of plants their ancestors tried to eat

Complex infoldings of the plasma membrane like those that enable photosynthesis in cyanobacteria

Remnants of green or red algae that their ancestors tried to eat

Chloroplasts derived from land plants through horizontal gene transfer