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Which of the following most accurately describes the notion of different viewpoints of abnormal behaviour?

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Each viewpoint accurately describes the causes and symptoms of two or three different disorders.

Only the biological viewpoint has been studied experimentally.

Each viewpoint offers its own explanation of abnormal behaviour.

All viewpoints are equally valid.

none

Which of the following best describes the DSM?

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A collection of random opinions about diagnosing mental disorders.

A fundamentally flawed collection of unfounded assumptions about mental disorders.

A complete guide to the origin, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders.

A work in progress that classifies mental disorders based on what is currently known.

none

While having a gene for Parkinson’s disease guarantees that Parkinson’s disease will develop, this is not the only factor that can lead to Parkinson’s disease. In other words, the presence of the gene is a ________, but not a ________.

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risk factor; sufficient cause

necessary cause; risk factor

sufficient cause; necessary cause

contributory cause; sufficient cause

none

According to the DSM, when is deviant behaviour viewed as indicative of a mental disorder?

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Never

Always

Only when the behaviour is inconsistent with cultural norms.

When it is a symptom of a dysfunction in the individual.

none

Brett persistently injects himself with painkillers. This has greatly increased his chance of overdosing and dying. His behaviour harms no one else. According to the DSM-5, is Brett’s behaviour consistent with the definition of a mental disorder?

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Yes, because many people in society engage in this behaviour.

No, because there is no evidence that his actions are out of his own control.

No, because his behaviour must also harm the well-being of others in the community.

Yes, because he is persistently acting in a way that harms him.

none

The fact that body piercings are commonplace today, while they would once have been viewed as abnormal, illustrates that:

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American culture values independence.

what is acceptable for men and women is no longer different.

the values of a society may change over time.

modern society is unlikely to change.

none

The central principle of classical conditioning is that ________

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after repeated pairings with a stimulus that naturally causes a response, a neutral stimulus will cause a similar response.

the consequences of behaviour influence its likelihood of being repeated.

we repeat those actions that we see others engage in.

the interaction of genetics and social factors best explains human behaviour.

none

Behaviorism was ________

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a reaction to what the behaviorists perceived as a lack of scientific rigor in psychoanalysis.

a spin-off theory that elaborated on the psychoanalytic viewpoint.

an attempt to focus on the thinking styles of people with mental illness.

a reaction to the lack of moral and spiritual factors in most theories at the time

none

Which of the following is a sufficient element to determine abnormality?

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Suffering

Deviancy

Maladaptiveness

There is no single sufficient element

none

In the field of abnormal psychology, what does DSM stand for?

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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

Disorders, Science, and the Mind

Descriptors for the Science of the Mind

Diagnostic Science of the Mind