Ions are

particles formed by atoms when they are trying to

to become

Metals

electrons to form

ions and non-metals

electrons to form

ions. The number of electrons lost or gained is the

of the ion.

Ionic bonding is the

of electrons between metals and

to form oppositely

ions that are strongly

to one another, by

forces.

Ionic compounds form a

structure where there are

between

ions in

Ionic compounds have

melting and boiling points due to

They can conduct electricity when

as the ions are

Covalent bonding is the

of electrons between

The bonds are

as the

are attracted to the

Simple molecules are molecules made up of

atoms joined by

Their bonds are

but there are weak

so they have

melting and boiling points, which means that most are liquids and

at

Simple molecules

conduct electricity

Polymers are

of

joined by

They are

at room temperature and have

melting and boiling points.

Giant covalent structures are

where all atoms

They have

melting and boiling points and

conduct electricity.

Diamond is an

of carbon, and each atom forms

in a rigid

It has a

melting point and

conduct electricity.

Graphite is an

of carbon where each atom forms

to create

Each atom also has

and so

conduct electricity. It is soft and

because there are

covalent bonds between the

Graphite has a

melting point.

Graphene is a

of carbon atoms joined in

that is

It is very strong and

and

conduct electricity because it contains

Fullerenes are molecules of

shaped like closed tubes or

They are aminly arranged in

Fullerenes form around another molecule which is

inside, ths could be used to

They have a huge

which makes them good

and they also make good

Nanotubes are tiny carbon

formed by

Their ratio between length and

is very

They

conduct electricity and have

They can be used in

or to

Metals consist of a

The electrons in the outer shell of the metal

are

and there are strong

between them. This creates a

structure.

Metals are

at room temperature and have

melting and boiling points, they

conduct electricity and are