Hematuria in the abscence of coexisting injuries to the thorax, spine, pelvis/femur, or intra-abdominal organs

Microscopic hematuria with shock

Gross hematuria with shock

Gross hematuria with clot formation

Hematuria disproportionate to severity of trauma

triphasic abdominal computer tomography (CT).

intravenoous pyelography (IVP).

focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) ultrasonograph

monophasic abdominal CT.

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of abdomen.

3.

4.

1.

5.

2.

bringing the patient by car to the office for evaluation.

reassurance and continued observation.

continued observation and arranging for follow-up CT in the morning.

transportation to the emergency room by ambulance.

bed rest, force fluids, and follow-up the next day.

laparoscopic partial nephrectomy

angiographic embolization of the functional renal fragment.

radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of functional renal fragment.

cryotherapy of the functional renal fragment.

open partial nephrectomy.

percutaneous nephrostomy drainage of urinoma

addition of metronidazole.

CT of abdomen and aspiration of perinephric hematoma/urinoma

a change in antibiotik coverage to piperacillin.

continued observation.

continued observation.

percutaneous nephrostomy.

angiography.

cystoscopy, retrograde pyelogram, and stent placement.

surgical exploration and renorrhaphy

2 to 3 days post-traumatic injury.

1 year post-traumatic injury.

3 months post-traumatic injury.

only if the patient develops localized signs or symptoms.

3 to 4 weeks post-traumatic injury.

an MVA results in the need for emergent laparotomy due to vascular instability, and a retroperitoneal hemorrhage is found on exploration

a 38-caliber gunshot wound (GSW) results in a grade 2 renal injury.

a stab wound to the flank results in a grade 2 renal injury.

a motor vehicle accident (MVA) results in an isolated grade 4 renal injury.

a nonhemorrhagic retroperitoneal mass is found on surgical exploration following a GSW

surgical exploration.

angiographic infusion of streptokinase into left renal artery.

observation.

angiography with stenting of left renal artery.

systemic heparinization.

renal contusion.

laceration through the thinned renal cortex.

coexisting renal lithiasis.

UPJ disruption.

rupture of the renal pelvis.

gross hematuria.

inability to void.

abdominal wall bruising.

lumbar spinal fracture.

pelvic fracture.

gross hematuria with clots is present.

the bladder neck appears incompetent.

the pubic ramus is fractured.

a coexisting rectal injury is present.

a vaginal laceration is present.

a pudendal nerve electromyogram (EMG).

MRI of the lumbosacral spinal cord.

video urodynamics.

MRI of the pelvis and perineum.

combined cystoscopy per suprapubic (SP) tube tract and urethroscopy per meatus.

to mobilize and suture the penile shaft skin to mucosal collar.

wet-to-dry dressings and antibiotik ointment.

to bury the phallus in scrotal skin with planned second-stage release.

a split-thickness skin graft from thigh.

a full-thickness skin graft from thigh.